Wireless-telegraph system.



No. 710,354. Patented Sept. 30, I902. c. n. EHRET.

WIRELESS TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

(Application filed Dec. 3, 1901.)

(No Model.)

animate:

witnesses ATENT OFFICE.

UNITED STATES I CORNELIUS D. EIIRET, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO AMERICAN WIRELESS TELE- PHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ARIZONA TER- RITORY, AND TIIE CONSOLIDATED WIRELESS TELEGRAPH AND TELE- PHONE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ARIZONA TERRITORY.

WIRELESS-TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 710,354, dated September 30, 1902. Application filed December 3, 1901. Serial No. 84,514. No model.)

To all whom, it may concern: broad term,includiug both the series arrange- Be it known that I, CORNELIUS D. EHRET, ment of condenser and inductance and the a citizen of the United States, residing at multiple or parallel arrangement of con- WVashington, District of Columbia, have indenser and inductance. The first or series 5 vented certain newand useful Improvements arrangement produces when in a resonant in VVireless-Telegraph Systems, of which the statea maximum rise of potential across the following is a specification. terminals of either the condenser or induct- My invention comprises a method of transance and permits a flow through the circuit mitting intelligence from one station to anof a maximum current of the predetermined 10 other by means of electrical waves which are frequency. The second arrangement or transmitted through the naturalmedia. where the condenser and inductance are in It consists, further, in improvements in the parallel causes at a critical proportioning of circuits at the receiving-station of awirelessthe two devices at a certain frequency a telegraph system, and more particularly the minimum flow of current through the circuit,

I 5 location of the wave-detecting device for the but with maximum current through the local purpose of making possible transmission of circuit including the condenser or inductsignals over greater distances. ance.

It comprises, further, a proportionment of In Fig. 1, E represents graphically the elec- 6 5 the receiving-conductor as to its electrical tromotive force of an alternating circuit of a 20 constantsforthepurposeof obtainingamaxidefinite frequency. With certain propormum difierence of potential at the terminals tions of the condenser and inductance in seof the wave-detecting device. ries with such circuit a rise of potential oc- It comprises, further, an improvement curs across the terminals of both the conwhereby greater difference of potential is obdenser and inductance. These potentials are 25 tained at the terminals of the wave-detecting dephased with respect to the line voltage and device because of the resonance of the receivwith respect to each other and are graphicingcircuit. ally represented by E across the condenser The object of my invention is to obtain in and E" across the inductance. With still the receiver-circuit a maximum difference of other proportions such differences of poten- 30 potential derived from the energy impinging tial with the same impressed voltage E may upon the aerial conductor or arriving at the become across the condenser E and across earth-plates of a wireless-telegraph system. the inductance E and if the proportioniugbe It is well known in the art of' lighting or further carried out the sides of the isosceles power transmission by means of alternate triangles shown become longer and longer 35 currents on metallic circuits that with a conand for theoretical resonance become parallel denser and inductance inserted in such alterlines, as indicated in the dotted portions of nating circuit, if properly correlated or pro- Fig. 1, in Which'case the voltages across conportioned with respect to each other, a condidenser and inductance would be infinite. In tion of either maximum current flow in both this system the above-described principles are 0 the inductance and condenser will be obtaken advantage of and by causing the aerial tained or a maximum difference of potential receiving-circuit to be in resonance with the will exist across the terminals of the inducttransmitted waves a maximum rise of potenance or condenser. Acircuit so adjusted as tial is obtained across the terminals of the to its capacity and inductance is termed a wave-detecting device. 1

5 resonant circuit and is selective of a cur- In Fig. 2, A is the aerial conductor of a rent of a particular frequency. By resowireless-telegraph station, such conductor nant circuit I wish to be understood the consisting of asimplehigh-conductivity wire or a number of them in parallel or a metallic cylinder of large area, and for the purposes herein described such cylinder should be made telescopic for purposes of adjustment. In series between such conductor A and earth e is an inductance L, which maybe composed either of a coiled conductor or simply asuitable length of conductor or any other form of inductance device. The capacity and selfinduction of such aerial circuit are such that the whole is resonant to the transmitted waves. If a wave-detecting device were inserted in series in said conductor, as is commen, the difference of potential existing across its terminals, though the aerial conductor were resonant, would be quite small; but by arranging the wave detector 0, as shown, across the terminals of the inductance L it is subjected to a potential much in excess of the former arrangement, such potential corresponding to one of the legs E of the triangles shown in Fig. 1. Oonnected'to the terminals of the wave-detecting device 0, which may be any well-known device, such as a coherer or anticoherer, but whose capacity is so small as not to disturb the resonance of the aerial circuit, is the local circuit including the choke-coilsf, source of energy E, and relay R. Associated with the relay R is the armature a, restrained by adjustable spring 3 and held against the back-stop b. The attraction and release of such armature controls the local circuit through contact d, which includes the recording, tapping, and other devices energized by the source of energy B.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the aerial conductor A, whose circuit to earth is branched through the two inductances L and L These inductances are of different values, and each considered separately in connection with the capacity of the aerial conductor A makes its circuit from the aerial conductor A to earth resonant to a particular wave frequency. In other words, A and L are resonant to a certain frequency and L and A are resonant to a different frequency, so that there may be simultaneously received upon A waves of two different frequencies. In shunt to each of the inductances is shown the wave-detecting device with its associated local circuit, as described in previous figures. These separate resonant circuits may be used conjointly to produce a single record or may be used separately to receive two different messages at the same time.

In Fig; 3 choke-coils are to be connected between the wave-responsive devices and their local circuits, as in Fig. 2.

In each of the figures are shown condensers 7t, whose purpose is to keep the battery-current from at all times circulating through the relay, which, if permitted, would make the loss of resistance of the coherer or gain of resistance in case of an anticoherer ineffective. The capacities of these condensers are very small and have practically no eli'ect upon the resonance adjustment of the remaining circuits. One condenser alone may often be used; but I prefer using two for the purposes of symmetry.

I have shown in this application a receiver which employs an aerial conductor. It is to to the wave length. Though the aerial conductor and the inductance connected to earth v does not form a complete electrical circuit it is commonly styled in this art the aerial circuit. Furthermore, the resonance of a cir cuit depends among other things upon the inductance and capacity included in it and each is to be considered a frequency-determining element of the resonant circuit. It is to be understood also that the herein-described system of obtaining maximum effects in a receiver may be applied also to the transmission of signals over metallic circuits, as well as in systems where the transmission occurs through the natural media.

In place of coherers or anticoherers may be used any other devices, whether operating upon the trigger principle in simply controlling a circuit or actually indicating or producing a signal itself.

I do not wish to be limited to the precise arrangement of circuits shown nor to devices associated with and controlled thereby, as any equivalents of those shown may be used and are comprehended in the scope of the appended claims.

lVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The method of transmittingintelligence, which consists in producing electrical waves; modifying such waves in accordance with the signal sent; receiving such waves upon an aerial circuit resonant with the transmitted waves; and subjecting a wave-responsive device to the excessive potential difference at the terminals of a frequency-determining element of said resonant circuit.

2. The method of transmitting intelligence, which consists in producing electrical waves; modifying such waves in accordance with the signal sent; receiving such waves upon an aerial circuit resonant with the transmitted waves; subjecting a wave-responsive device to the excessive potential difference at the terminals of the inductance of said resonant circuit; and controlling a translating device by change of condition of said Wave-responsive device.

3. The method of transmittingintelligence, which consists in producing electrical waves; modifying such waves in accordance with the signal sent; receiving such waves upon an aerial circuit resonant with the transmitted waves; subjecting a wave-responsive device to the excessive potential difierence at the terminals of the inductance of said resonant circuit; and utilizing the change of condition of said wave-responsive device to produce the signal.

4. The method of receiving intelligence transmitted as electroradiant energy through the natural media, which consists in transforming the received electroradiant energy into the energy of electric currents in an aerial circuit resonant with the transmitted energy, and subjecting a Wave-responsive device to the potential difierence at the terminals of a frequency-determining element of the resonant aerial circuit.

5. The method of receiving intelligence transmitted as electroradiant energy through the natural media, which consists in transforming the received electroradiant energy into the energy of electric currents in an aerial circuit resonant with the transmitted energy, and subjecting a wave-responsive device through a condenser to the potential difference at the terminals of a frequency-determining element of the resonant aerial circuit.

6. The method of receiving intelligence transmitted as electroradiant energy through the natural media, which consists in transforming the received electroradiant energy into the energy of electric currents in an aerial circuit resonant with the transmitted energy, and subjectinga wave-responsive device to the excessive potential difference existing at the terminals of the inductance of the resonant aerial circuit.

7. The method of receiving a plurality of messages, simultaneously or independently, transmitted as electroradiant energies of different frequencies, which consists in transforming said energies into the energies of electric currents of different frequencies in a plurality of aerial circuits, each resonant with a transmitted energy and having a common frequency-determining element,and subjecting a wave-responsive device to the potential difference at the terminals of a frequency-determining element of each resonant aerial circuit.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CORNELIUS D. EHRET.

Witnesses:

R. H. STROTHER, F. A. FENNING. 

